The MID has good internal reliability, temporal stability, convergent validity, discriminant validity, and construct validity (Dell, 2006). It is especially useful for clinical research and for individuals who present with a mixture of dissociative, posttraumatic, and borderline symptoms. Dell's findings about less publicized aspects of the disorder, and it can distinguish adults with DID from adults with OSDD and nonclinical adults. The MID's understanding of dissociative identity disorder is partially based off of Paul F. Its items measure the frequency of experiences (ranging from 0 to 10 ) when not under the influence of drugs or alcohol, and no timeframe is given in order to prevent rare occurrences such as amnesia from being missed. It assesses 14 major facets of pathological dissociation and uses 23 scales to diagnose dissociative disorders. The Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation is a self-administered multiscale instrument that contains 218 items, 168 of which are for dissociation and 50 of which are for validity. Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation (MID) It has been normed and standardized on trauma-exposed individuals and validated in a variety of samples (Briere et al., 2005). It is available to researchers through John Briere. Like the DES, this is a screening tool and not meant to diagnose. The multiscale dissociation inventory is a questionnaire that has 30 items about how frequently (ranging from 1 to 5 ) different dissociative experiences have occurred over the past month. In 1996, a meta-analysis of existing studies showed that the DES has excellent reliability but only decent discriminate validity (Van Ijzendoorn & Schuengel, 1996). It has been used in hundreds of studies on dissociation. Instead, it can be used to indicate that someone might have a dissociative disorder so that more thorough investigation can be initiated. This scale is a screening tool and is not meant to be used to diagnose. Experiences under the influence of alcohol or drugs do not count. The dissociative experiences scale is a questionnaire that has 28 questions about how frequently (ranging from 0-100% by intervals of 10%) different dissociative symptoms are experienced during daily life. Those who are not professionals may not have the information necessary to make an accurate diagnosis, and even professionals are biased when it comes to themselves. Self diagnosis, with or without the use of screening or assessment tools, is not advised because DID can easily be confused with similar conditions, especially borderline personality disorder. Examples include the Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 (LEC-5), PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (P CL-5), and UCLA Child/Adolescent PTSD Reaction Index for DSM-5. Screening tools for trauma and posttraumatic stress may also be helpful. Other instruments that will not be discussed here include the following: the Child/Adolescent and the Child Dissociative Checklists (screening tools for children and adolescents) the Clinician Administered Dissociative States Scale (used to measure dissociative states at discrete points in time) and the Questionnaire of Experiences of Dissociation (QED), Dissociation Questionnaire (DIS-Q), Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ-20), and the Adolescent Dissociative Experiences Scale (ADES) (all of which are self-report measures of dissociation ). Another screening tool which is often used in research contexts, the Multiscale Dissociation Inventory, is more sensitive to detachment-related experiences but is still ultimately focused on DID. It is most useful for DID and misses many cases of dissociative amnesia, depersonalization/derealization, and more subtle identity intrusions such as those found in other specified dissociative disorder subtype 1 (OSSD-1) however, it can nonetheless be helpful for recognizing that dissociation may be present. The most commonly used screening tool for dissociation is the Dissociative Experiences Scale. Some of these screening tools are focused on DID-like experiences while others focus on dissociative disorders more broadly or other related experiences. Unlike the above-described assessment tools, screening tools are much shorter and do not provide as much information. Screening tools can also be helpful early in the therapy process or to monitor symptom changes over time. These tools are intended to highlight the symptoms that clinicians need to be aware of in order to diagnose or rule out complex dissociative disorders. This process can be assisted using the Multidimensional Inventory of Dissociation, the Dissociative Disorders Interview Schedule, or the Structured Clinical Interview for Dissociative Disorders, the last of which is considered the "gold-star" for diagnosis. Dissociative identity disorder (DID) is best diagnosed after taking a comprehensive client history and through careful clinical observation.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |